Python Numbers
Python Numbers
There are three numeric types in Python:
intfloatcomplex
Variables of numeric types are created when you assign a value to them:
Example
x = 1 # int
y = 2.8 # float
z = 1j # complex
To verify the type of any object in Python, use the type() function:
Example
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))
Int
Int, or integer, is a whole number, positive or negative, without decimals, of unlimited length.
Example
Integers:
x = 1
y = 35656222554887711
z = –3255522print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))
Float
Float, or “floating point number” is a number, positive or negative, containing one or more decimals.
Example
Floats:
x = 1.10
y = 1.0
z = –35.59print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))
Float can also be scientific numbers with an “e” to indicate the power of 10.
Example
Floats:
x = 35e3
y = 12E4
z = –87.7e100print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))
Complex
Complex numbers are written with a “j” as the imaginary part:
Example
Complex:
x = 3+5j
y = 5j
z = -5jprint(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))
Type Conversion
You can convert from one type to another with the int(), float(), and complex() methods:
Example
Convert from one type to another:
x = 1 # int
y = 2.8 # float
z = 1j # complex
#convert from int to float:
a = float(x)#convert from float to int:
b = int(y)#convert from int to complex:
c = complex(x)print(a)
print(b)
print(c)print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
Note: You cannot convert complex numbers into another number type.
Random Number
Python does not have a random() function to make a random number, but Python has a built-in module called random that can be used to make random numbers:
Example
Import the random module, and display a random number between 1 and 9:
import randomprint(random.randrange(1, 10))
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